BIFIDOBACTERIUM SPECIES

Description

Bifidobacterium species are Gram-positive, anaerobic, Y- or rod-shaped bacteria that naturally colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, especially in infants. They are among the first beneficial microbes to appear in the gut and play a vital role in maintaining digestive and immune health.

Key Features and Functions:

• Ferment carbohydrates to produce lactic and acetic acids, lowering gut pH and inhibiting pathogens

• Support immune function by modulating inflammation and enhancing immune cell activity

• Promote digestion by breaking down complex fibers and human milk oligosaccharides (especially in infants)

• Maintain gut barrier integrity and microbial balance

Common Species:

• Bifidobacterium longum – Supports digestion, immune health, and reduces inflammation

• Bifidobacterium bifidum – Found in infants; helps digest milk and prevent infections

• Bifidobacterium infantis – Specializes in breaking down breast milk; important in early life

• Bifidobacterium breve – Aids in fiber fermentation and may reduce allergy and eczema risk

• Bifidobacterium animalis (subsp. lactis) – Used widely in probiotics; improves gut regularity

These species are commonly included in probiotic supplements and fermented foods for their health-promoting benefits.